Overtime

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While we do not often report on proposed legislation, two provisions in the bill the House Ways and Means voted out of Committee on May 14th (and which was voted out of the House Budget Committee on May 18th) are worthy of attention, as they reflect how two of President Trump’s campaign promises are beginning to take shape. Sections 110101 and 110102 of the Ways and Means Committee’s “One, Big, Beautiful Bill” would give certain workers an above-the-line deduction for “qualified tips” and “qualified overtime compensation” for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2024, and ending for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2028. Assuming the effectives dates relate to the service provider’s returns, and most service providers have a calendar year return and are on the cash method of accounting, the deduction would apply to tips and overtime paid in 2025 through 2028. This means the deductions are proposed to be retroactive and proposed to apply to amounts paid even before enactment of the bill.

As an above-the-line deduction, service providers will be able to directly reduce their gross income, whether they itemize or take the standard deduction, by the amount of the qualified tips or overtime. Making this deduction available to the worker creates reporting and withholding obligations for the service recipient, as discussed in more detail below. 

In order to be deductible as qualified overtime compensation, the payment must be overtime paid as required under section 7 of the Fair Labor Standards Act that is in excess of the regular rate (as used in that section) at which such individual is employed. Qualified overtime compensation does not include any amount treated as a qualified tip.

In order to be deductible, qualified tips generally must be paid voluntarily to a person who works in an occupation which traditionally and customarily received tips on or before December 31, 2024. The Secretary of the Treasury is directed to provide a list of occupations that traditionally and customarily received tips in 2024 and before. As proposed, the deduction for qualified tips applies for both employees receiving a Form W-2, and independent contractors receiving a Form 1099-K or Form 1099-NEC, and includes amounts reported by the business on Form 4137. Those whose personal business provides services in accounting, health, law, actuarial science, athletics, brokerage services, consulting, financial services, or the performing arts would not be allowed to claim the tip deduction. In the case of tips received in the course of a trade or business, the deduction is proposed to be limited to gross receipts from the business less costs of goods sold and expenses allocable to such receipts. The Secretary of the Treasury is directed to prescribe regulations to prevent abuse of the deduction and reclassification of income as tips.Continue Reading No Tax on Tips and Overtime Campaign Promises Take Shape in “One, Big, Beautiful Bill”

Employers must pay for all hours they know or “have reason to believe” employees worked. But can employers simply rely on teleworking employees to report all of their hours worked, or must they instead investigate whether their employees have accurately reported their work time? With the huge increase in teleworking since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, this question should be top-of-mind for employers.

On August 24, 2020, the US Department of Labor issued Field Assistance Bulletin No. 2020-5 (FAB) to clarify an employer’s obligations in determining whether teleworking employees have accurately reported their work time. In short, the employer is not required to comb through every cell phone or computer login record to look for unreported work time that the employer neither knew of nor had reason to believe had been worked. As long as the employer provides employees with reasonable time-reporting procedures and does not otherwise impede or discourage reporting, its failure to compensate employees for unreported and unknown hours of work is not an FLSA violation. The FAB and some key takeaways for employers are summarized below.Continue Reading A “Reason to Believe”: DOL Says the Obligation to Determine Remote Employees’ Hours of Work is “Not Boundless”

On March 28, 2019, the US Department of Labor announced a proposed rule to clarify that certain types of compensation and benefits can be excluded from an employee’s “regular rate” of pay, which is used to calculate overtime under the FLSA. This announcement follows the DOL’s recent proposal to increase the minimum salary requirements for the FLSA’s white-collar overtime exemptions, continuing the DOL’s efforts to update and modernize FLSA regulations.
Continue Reading US DOL Proposal To Clarify “Regular Rate” For Modern Workplace Practices

In our latest podcast, Baker McKenzie partner Joe Deng introduces Tomohisa Muranushi to discuss employment laws in Japan and give an overview of what changed in 2017 as well as what we can expect for the year ahead.

Key Takeaways:

  1. Reduce excessive overtime
  2. Encourage greater female participation
  3. Watch out for developments regarding fixed term contracts

…

Medical care providers have been experiencing an uptick in Fair Labor Standards Act lawsuits based on automatically deducted meal periods. Recently, a nurse filed a collective action lawsuit against St. Luke’s Health System Corporation and various affiliates, claiming that they failed to pay nurses for work performed during meal breaks. Specifically, the nurse alleges that St. Luke’s automatically deducts 30 minutes from each shift for meal periods, assuming that its nurses are able to find a 30-minute block of time to eat. The nurse further claims that, in reality, nurses remain on duty when attempting to eat, and that their meal periods are frequently interrupted. Given the potential for large liability and the likelihood of copycat lawsuits, employers—particularly medical care providers—should examine their meal period policies to ensure the policies are compliant with the Fair Labor Standards Act.
Continue Reading Food for Thought—Does Your Automatic Meal Period Policy Violate the Law?

As discussed in a prior post, the Department of Labor’s new overtime regulations increase the weekly minimum salary threshold an employee must be paid to maintain exempt status under the FLSA’s “white collar” exemptions. The Final Rule, which becomes effective December 1, 2016, could affect up to 4.2 million employees according to DOL estimates. But an employer hoping to classify its employees as exempt need not meet the new threshold entirely through base salary. Instead, the new regulations allow employers to use bonuses, commissions, and incentive payments to satisfy up to 10% of the minimum salary threshold.
Continue Reading “Catching Up” on Exempt Status—Using Bonuses and Incentive Payments to Meet the FLSA’s New Salary Threshold

On May 18, 2016, the Department of Labor finalized its highly anticipated overtime rule that updates the Fair Labor Standards Act’s “white collar” exemptions (including the executive, administrative, and professional exemptions) and the highly compensated employee exemption. Most notably, the Final Rule significantly increases the minimum salary an employee must earn to qualify for these exemptions. With an effective date of December 1, 2016, companies must understand the new Final Rule and take the appropriate steps to comply.
Continue Reading DOL Issues Final Overtime Rule—Are Your Exempt Employees Still Exempt?